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Pen construction
Number of pen locations
Calving pen
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Number of pen locations 

The number of pen locations required for the various stages of age depends on the calving pattern and the number of calves that are reared. If the calving pattern is reasonably normal, you can follow the table below as a guideline:
 

Age of animals(months)
Replacement percentage
35%
50%
 Number of
locations related to % of dairy cows
 Number of
locations with 80 dairy cows
 
 Number of locations related to % of dairy cows
 Number of locations with 80 dairy cows
 0 - 0.5
15
12
25
20
 0.5 – 2
15
12
25
20
 2 – 6
15
12
25
20
 6 – 18
20
16
30
24
 18 - 22
10
8
15
12
Source : IKC                                            

If calving patterns are highly regular, it may be sufficient to have a number of pen locations of 10 to 12%, for the period from 0 to 2 months at a replacement percentage of 35%. This will be 15 to 20% with a replacement percentage of 50%